魔鬼从哪里来？
Where did Satan come from?
简答 Short Answer
撒但原是上帝创造的天使，因骄傲而堕落，成为上帝和人类的仇敌。他虽然强大，但不是与上帝对等的存在——他是被造物，在上帝的主权之下。
Satan was originally an angel created by God who fell through pride, becoming the enemy of God and humanity. Though powerful, he's not God's equal — he's a creature under God's sovereignty.
详细解答 Detailed Answer
魔鬼的来源是一个许多人好奇的问题。圣经没有给出完整的叙事，但提供了足够的线索。
1.【撒但的起源】上帝创造的一切都是好的（创1:31），所以撒但最初也是善的受造物。以赛亚书14:12-15和以西结书28:12-17（虽然直接针对巴比伦王和推罗王，但传统上被理解为隐射撒但的堕落）描述了一个原本美丽、智慧的存在因骄傲而堕落：「你心里曾说：我要升到天上……我要与至上者同等。」
2.【堕落的原因】撒但的罪是骄傲——不满足于做受造物，想要成为上帝。这也是他试探夏娃的把戏：「你们便如神」（创3:5）。骄傲是一切罪的根源。
3.【他带走了其他天使】犹大书6节提到「不守本位的天使」，启示录12:4象征性地说龙（撒但）的尾巴「拖拉着天上星辰的三分之一」。一些天使跟随撒但叛逆，成为邪灵或鬼魔。
4.【撒但不是上帝的对等物】基督教不是二元论——善神与恶神的永恒对抗。撒但是受造物，他的能力、知识和存在都是有限的。他只能在上帝允许的范围内行动（约伯记1-2章清楚地表明这一点）。
5.【撒但的结局已定】启示录20:10宣告撒但最终将被「扔在硫磺的火湖里……直到永永远远。」基督在十字架上已经「将一切执政的、掌权的掳来」（西2:15）。撒但是一个已经被判了死刑但还没执行的罪犯——他的挣扎只是垂死的挣扎。
Satan's origin is a question many are curious about. Scripture doesn't provide a complete narrative but gives sufficient clues.
1. **Satan's origin**: Everything God created was good (Gen 1:31), so Satan was originally a good creature. Isaiah 14:12-15 and Ezekiel 28:12-17 (addressed directly to kings of Babylon and Tyre but traditionally understood as alluding to Satan's fall) describe a beautiful, wise being who fell through pride: 'You said in your heart, "I will ascend to heaven... I will make myself like the Most High."'
2. **Cause of the fall**: Satan's sin was pride — dissatisfaction with being a creature, wanting to be God. This is exactly his temptation to Eve: 'You will be like God' (Gen 3:5). Pride is the root of all sin.
3. **He took other angels with him**: Jude 6 mentions 'angels who did not stay within their own position'; Revelation 12:4 symbolically says the dragon's tail 'swept down a third of the stars of heaven.' Some angels followed Satan in rebellion, becoming evil spirits or demons.
4. **Satan isn't God's equal**: Christianity isn't dualism — an eternal battle between equal good and evil gods. Satan is a creature whose power, knowledge, and existence are limited. He can only act within boundaries God allows (Job 1-2 makes this clear).
5. **Satan's fate is sealed**: Revelation 20:10 declares Satan will ultimately be 'thrown into the lake of fire and sulfur... forever and ever.' Christ on the cross already 'disarmed the rulers and authorities' (Col 2:15). Satan is a criminal sentenced to death but not yet executed — his struggle is merely a death throe.
📖 经文引用 Bible Verses
📚 推荐阅读 Related Readings
- •The Screwtape Letters (C.S. Lewis)
- •Satan: A Biography (Henry Ansgar Kelly)
- •Spiritual Warfare (David Powlison)