耶稣在出生之前就存在吗？
Did Jesus exist before His birth?
简答 Short Answer
是的。耶稣作为神子在万有被造之前就已永恒存在。祂的出生不是祂存在的开始，而是祂取了人性进入人类历史。
Yes. As the Son of God, Jesus existed eternally before anything was created. His birth wasn't the beginning of His existence, but His entry into human history by taking on human nature.
详细解答 Detailed Answer
耶稣基督的先在性是基督教信仰的基础性教义。
1.【耶稣自己的宣告】耶稣说「还没有亚伯拉罕就有了我」（约8:58），用的是「我是」（ego eimi），这是旧约中神的自称（出3:14）。犹太人立刻拿石头要打祂，因为他们完全明白祂在宣称自己的永恒神性。耶稣又说「父啊，现在求你使我同你享荣耀，就是未有世界以先，我同你所有的荣耀」（约17:5）。
2.【创造万有的主】歌罗西书1:16-17说「万有都是靠祂造的……祂在万有之先」。约翰福音1:3说「万物是借着祂造的」。祂不是被造物之一，祂是创造者。
3.【旧约中的显现】许多学者认为旧约中「耶和华的使者」的显现就是基督道成肉身前的显现。祂与亚伯拉罕同席（创18章）、与雅各摔跤（创32章）、在荆棘火焰中向摩西说话。
4.【弥迦的预言】弥迦书5:2预言弥赛亚生在伯利恒，但补充说「祂的根源从亘古、从太初就有。」一个人可以在伯利恒出生，同时从永恒就存在——因为祂是永恒的神取了人的本性。
The pre-existence of Jesus Christ is a foundational doctrine of Christianity.
1. **Jesus' own claims**: Jesus said, 'Before Abraham was, I am' (John 8:58), using 'I AM' (ego eimi), God's self-designation in the Old Testament (Exod 3:14). The Jews immediately picked up stones because they understood He was claiming eternal deity. He also prayed, 'Father, glorify me in your own presence with the glory that I had with you before the world existed' (John 17:5).
2. **Creator of all things**: Colossians 1:16-17 says 'all things were created through him... he is before all things.' John 1:3 says 'all things were made through him.' He's not one among created things; He is the Creator.
3. **Old Testament appearances**: Many scholars believe 'the angel of the LORD' in the OT was a pre-incarnate appearance of Christ — dining with Abraham (Gen 18), wrestling with Jacob (Gen 32), speaking to Moses from the burning bush.
4. **Micah's prophecy**: Micah 5:2 prophesied the Messiah's birth in Bethlehem, adding 'whose coming forth is from of old, from ancient days.' One person can be born in Bethlehem yet exist from eternity — because He is the eternal God who took on human nature.
📖 经文引用 Bible Verses
📚 推荐阅读 Related Readings
- •The Person of Christ (Donald Macleod)
- •Jesus the Son of God (D.A. Carson)