耶稣是神还是人？还是两者都是？
Is Jesus God, man, or both?
简答 Short Answer
两者都是。耶稣是完全的神，也是完全的人——一个位格，两种本性，不混淆、不分离。这是基督教信仰的核心奥秘。
Both. Jesus is fully God and fully man — one person with two natures, unmixed and inseparable. This is the central mystery of the Christian faith.
详细解答 Detailed Answer
耶稣基督的身份是基督教信仰的核心，教会历经数百年的争论才准确地表达了这个真理。
1.【耶稣是完全的神】约翰福音1:1说「道就是神」；多马见到复活的耶稣时喊出「我的主！我的神！」（约20:28）；歌罗西书2:9说「神本性一切的丰盛都有形有体地居住在基督里面」。耶稣接受敬拜、赦免罪、宣称自己与父原为一——这些都是唯有神才能做的事。
2.【耶稣是完全的人】祂由马利亚出生，会饥饿（太4:2）、口渴（约19:28）、疲倦（约4:6）、流泪（约11:35）、经历试探（来4:15）。祂真实地经历了人性的一切，只是没有罪。
3.【迦克墩定义】公元451年迦克墩大公会议确认：基督是一个位格，具有两种完整的本性——神性和人性——不混淆、不改变、不分割、不分离。这不是50%神加50%人，而是100%完全的神同时是100%完全的人。
4.【为什么重要？】如果耶稣不是真正的神，祂的牺牲就没有无限的价值来承担全人类的罪。如果耶稣不是真正的人，祂就无法代替人类受死。我们的救恩完全取决于基督的双重本性。
The identity of Jesus Christ is the heart of Christianity, and it took the church centuries of careful debate to articulate this truth accurately.
1. **Jesus is fully God**: John 1:1 says 'the Word was God'; Thomas exclaimed 'My Lord and my God!' (John 20:28); Colossians 2:9 says 'in him the whole fullness of deity dwells bodily.' Jesus accepted worship, forgave sins, and claimed oneness with the Father — things only God can do.
2. **Jesus is fully human**: Born of Mary, He experienced hunger (Matt 4:2), thirst (John 19:28), weariness (John 4:6), tears (John 11:35), and temptation (Heb 4:15). He truly experienced all of humanity, yet without sin.
3. **The Chalcedonian Definition**: The Council of Chalcedon (AD 451) affirmed that Christ is one person with two complete natures — divine and human — without confusion, change, division, or separation. Not 50% God plus 50% man, but 100% fully God and simultaneously 100% fully man.
4. **Why it matters**: If Jesus isn't truly God, His sacrifice lacks infinite value to bear all humanity's sin. If He isn't truly human, He cannot die as humanity's substitute. Our salvation depends entirely on Christ's dual nature.
📖 经文引用 Bible Verses
📚 推荐阅读 Related Readings
- •The Person of Christ (Donald Macleod)
- •Jesus the Christ (Chalcedonian Definition)
- •Knowing Christ (Mark Jones)