什么是预定论？上帝预定了谁得救谁灭亡吗？
What is predestination? Did God predetermine who would be saved and who would perish?
简答 Short Answer
圣经教导上帝在创世之前就拣选了一些人得救。这不是出于人的功德，而是出于上帝主权的恩典。预定论彰显的是上帝恩典的伟大，而非祂的残忍。
The Bible teaches that God chose certain people for salvation before creation. This is not based on human merit but on God's sovereign grace. Predestination reveals the greatness of God's grace, not cruelty.
详细解答 Detailed Answer
预定论是圣经明确教导的真理。以弗所书1:4-5说：「就如上帝从创立世界以前，在基督里拣选了我们……又因爱我们，就按着自己意旨所喜悦的，预定我们借着耶稣基督得儿子的名分。」罗马书9:11-13也清楚地说，拣选不在乎人的行为，而在乎上帝的旨意。
许多人觉得这不公平，但我们需要记住：所有人都犯了罪，没有人配得救恩。如果上帝按公平对待每一个人，所有人都会灭亡。真正的问题不是「为什么上帝不拯救所有人」，而是「为什么上帝竟然拯救了任何人」。预定论教导我们，救恩完全是恩典——从头到尾都是上帝的工作。
同时，圣经也教导人有真实的责任。人得救是因为上帝的拣选，人灭亡是因为自己的罪。这两个真理在我们有限的理解中似乎矛盾，但在上帝无限的智慧中是和谐的。
Predestination is clearly taught in Scripture. Ephesians 1:4-5 says: 'He chose us in Christ before the foundation of the world...having predestined us for adoption as sons through Jesus Christ, according to the purpose of His will.' Romans 9:11-13 also makes clear that election depends not on works but on God's purpose.
Many feel this is unfair, but we must remember: all have sinned, and no one deserves salvation. If God treated everyone fairly, all would perish. The real question isn't 'why doesn't God save everyone' but 'why does God save anyone at all.' Predestination teaches that salvation is entirely grace — God's work from beginning to end.
At the same time, Scripture also teaches genuine human responsibility. People are saved because of God's election; people perish because of their own sin. These two truths may seem contradictory to our finite minds, but they are harmonious in God's infinite wisdom.
📖 经文引用 Bible Verses
📚 推荐阅读 Related Readings
- •Chosen by God (R.C. Sproul)
- •The Doctrines of Grace (James Boice)
- •Systematic Theology Ch.32 (Wayne Grudem)