相对主义是自我摧毁的
Relativism is Self-Defeating
核心论证 Core Argument
道德相对主义声称没有客观的对与错,一切道德判断都是相对于文化或个人的。但这个立场在逻辑上是自我摧毁的:“没有客观真理”本身就是一个声称客观为真的命题。如果一切道德都是相对的,那么“我们应该尊重他人的道德观”这个命题本身也只是相对的,没有约束力。在实践中,没有人真正活出一贯的相对主义——当他们自己被不公正对待时,他们立即诉诸客观的公正标准。相对主义也无法谴责任何文化的做法(如种族灭绝、奴隶制),因为这些在特定文化中可能被认为是“对的”。
Moral relativism claims there is no objective right and wrong; all moral judgments are relative to culture or individuals. But this position is logically self-defeating: 'There is no objective truth' is itself a claim purporting to be objectively true. If all morality is relative, then 'We should respect others' moral views' is itself only relative and non-binding. In practice, no one consistently lives out relativism — when treated unjustly themselves, they immediately appeal to objective standards of fairness. Relativism also cannot condemn any culture's practices (genocide, slavery), since these may be considered 'right' within that culture.
💬 常见反驳与回应
📖 经文引用
📚 推荐资源
- •Francis Beckwith & Greg Koukl, 'Relativism: Feet Firmly Planted in Mid-Air'
- •C.S. Lewis, 'The Abolition of Man'
- •Greg Koukl, 'Tactics'