业力与恩典：根本不同的救赎观

核心论证 Core Argument

佛教的业力（karma）系统是一个严格的因果道德法则：善行带来善果，恶行带来恶果，没有例外。这意味着每个人必须靠自己的努力来偿还过去的业债、积累善业、最终达到涅槃。基督教的恩典（grace）则完全不同：救恩是上帝白白赐给不配得的人的礼物，不是靠行为赚取的（以弗所书2:8-9）。业力系统面临的根本问题是：如果无始以来积累了无量的恶业，有限的善行怎么能偿还无限的业债？一个人如何靠自己的力量达到完美？恩典提供了业力无法给予的东西：确定的盼望和完全的赦免。

Buddhism's karma system is a strict moral law of cause and effect: good deeds produce good results, bad deeds produce bad results, with no exceptions. This means everyone must, through their own effort, repay past karmic debts, accumulate merit, and eventually achieve nirvana. Christian grace is fundamentally different: salvation is a free gift from God to the undeserving, not earned by works (Ephesians 2:8-9). Karma faces a fundamental problem: if beginningless eons of bad karma have accumulated, how can finite good deeds repay infinite karmic debt? How can one achieve perfection through one's own power? Grace offers what karma cannot: certain hope and complete forgiveness.